NC Native Plant Society:
Plant Details
Tsuga caroliniana
Carolina Hemlock
Scientific Name: |
Tsuga caroliniana |
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Genus: |
Tsuga |
Species Epithet: |
caroliniana |
Common Name: |
Carolina Hemlock |
Plant Type |
Tree |
Life Cycle |
Perennial |
Plant Family |
Pinaceae (Pine Family) |
Native/Alien: |
NC Native |
Invasive Status: |
(*Key) |
Size: |
36-72 ft. |
Light: |
Part Shade - 2 to 6 hours of sun per day, Less than 2 hours of sun per day |
Soil Moisture: |
Dry |
Bloom Time: |
March, April |
Growing Area: |
Mountains, Piedmont |
Habitat Description: |
Primarily in open forests on ridge tops, rocky bluffs, or gorge walls, generally in drier and rockier sites than T. canadensis, but the two sometimes growing in close proximity or even intermixed in humid gorges; Uncommon, and somewhat local, seldom common in any mountain county. Rare to very local in the western Piedmont., apparently reaching its eastern limit in NC at Hanging Rock State Park, Stokes County. |
Leaf Retention: |
Evergreen |
Leaf Type: |
Leaves needle-like or scale-like |
Leaf Form: |
Simple |
Life Cycle: |
Perennial |
Wildlife Value: |
Highest Wildlife Value |
Landscape Value: |
Suitable for home landscapes |
State Rank: |
S2: Imperiled (*Key) |
Global Rank: |
G2 - Imperiled, G3 - Vulnerable (*Key) |
State Status: |
W5: Watch List: Rare because of Severe Decline to Population or Habitat (*Key) |
Notes: |
Seems to be less affected by the adelgid insect than T. canadensis. |
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Immature female cone. Notice the needles are arranged somewhat randomly along a stem and are not distichous (leaves on a stem arranged in two vertical columns on opposite sides of the stem in a single plane) as in T. canadensis. NC mountains
Bettina Darveaux |
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Mature cone NC mountains
Bettina Darveaux |
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Links: |
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