NC Native Plant Society:
Plant Details

Solidago rugosa

Rough Goldenrod, Wrinkle-leaf Goldenrod

Scientific Name:	Solidago rugosa
Genus:	Solidago
Species Epithet:	rugosa
Common Name:	Rough Goldenrod, Wrinkle-leaf Goldenrod
Plant Type	Herb/Wildflower
Life Cycle	Perennial
Plant Family	Asteraceae (Aster Family)
Native/Alien:	NC Native
Invasive Status:	^(*Key)
Size:	1-3 ft., 3-6 ft.
Bloom Color(s):	Yellow
Light:	Sun - 6 or more hours of sun per day, Part Shade - 2 to 6 hours of sun per day
Soil Moisture:	Dry, Moist
Bloom Time:	August, September, October, November
Growing Area:	Mountains, Piedmont, Sandhills, Coastal Plain
Habitat Description:	4 varieties in NC: Solidago rugosa var. aspera. Fields, forests, roadsides. Common throughout NC. Solidago rugosa var. celtidifolia, Hackberry-leaf Goldenrod. Pocosins, seepage slopes, bogs, wetlands. Uncommon to common in NC Piedmont and Coastal Plain. *Solidago rugosa* var. *cronquistiana, Cronquist’s Goldenrod. High elevation balds and forests. A Southern Appalachian endemic. Uncommon in NC Mountains. Solidago rugosa* var. *rugosa*, Wrinkle-leaf Goldenrod. Fields, forests, wetlands. Uncommon to fairly common in NC Mountains and Piedmont.
Leaf Arrangement:	Alternate
Leaf Retention:	Deciduous
Leaf Type:	Leaves veined, not needle-like or scale-like
Leaf Form:	Simple
Life Cycle:	Perennial
Wildlife Value:	Important for Wildlife
Landscape Value:	Suitable for home landscapes
State Rank:	S5: Secure ^(*Key)
Global Rank:	G5 - Secure ^(*Key)
Notes:	Can form large colonies, so best used in natural areas/wild meadows. Cultivars available. Four varieties in NC -- aspera (statewide), celtidifolia (eastern half of the state), cronquistiana (Mountains), and the nominate rugosa (Mountains and Piedmont).
A variable, perennial goldenrod: leaves and stems are generally rough and/or hairy (but sometimes can be smooth). The leaf veins are prominent. Rockingham Co., NC Lisa Lofland Gould
Leaf surfaces are raised above the veins. Macon County, NC, cultivated Larry Mellichamp
Haywood County, NC Larry Mellichamp
The sessile stem leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic with a pointed tip, margins are serrated, and the leaf surface is rugose (wrinkled). Upper stem leaves are smaller. Mount Pisgah Campground, Haywood Co., NC Bettina Darveaux
Golden/peach color of the foliage in late Fall Orange County, NC, -cultivated Bettina Darveaux
Links:	USDA PLANTS Database Record https://auth1.dpr.ncparks.gov/flora/species_account.php https://nc.audubon.org/conservation/bird-friendly-communities/bird-friendly-native-plants https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/solidago-rugosa/ https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/solidago/rugosa/